So, the exsanguination in number of

So, the exsanguination in number of 500 ml, or approximately 7 from blood total amount, never leads to change of level of a vasopressin in plasma at the healthy adult persons who are in a prone position. Vertical position at which the order decadron now central or effective volume of blood decreases for 8-15 , usually causes 2-3- rising of the maintenance of a vasopressin in plasma. The combination of an exsanguination with which usually reduces the central volume of blood so, that it is accompanied by some depression of arterial pressure, vasopressin level in plasma in 2-3 times is almost always enlarged. Rather small sensitivity of secretion of a vasopressin to small fluctuations of total amount of blood distinctly differs from very high efficiency of osmotic stimulus ( 9-5). This difference is necessary for considering at the analysis of regulation of water balance and interpreting of results of some widely applied diagnostic assays on vasopressin secretion. Changes of volume or pressure of blood appreciable enough to affect vasopressin secretion, not necessarily limit influence of osmoregulatory system [16, 18]. Their effect, apparently, is reduced only to change of "adjustment" of this system that enlarges or reduces action of the given osmotic stimulus ( 9-6). So, even in the conditions of an appreciable hypovolemia and-or a hypotension vasopressin level in plasma can still decrease or raise at respective alterations of an osmolality of plasma. This kind of interaction between osmotic and hemodynamic stimulus can have the important physiological and pathophysiological consequences. It testifies also that these two systems of regulation though differ on localisation and function, but eventually Vasopressin secretion can stimulate and the various factors which have been not bound to osmotic pressure or a hemodynamic.
One of the most effective factors, at least at the person, the nausea [16] is. The way this effect is not completely clear, but, possibly, includes a trigger zone in area postrema an oblong brain ( 9-1 see). It can be activated by various substances and procedures (Apomorphinum, nicotine, alcohol and a vomitive desire). Their effect on vasopressin secretion is shown immediately and is extremely intensive. Even at the transient nausea which is not accompanied by vomiting or changes of arterial pressure, it is quite often possible to observe rising of level of a vasopressin in 100-1000 times. Preliminary introduction of Fluphenazin (), Haloperidolum or a promethazine (Diprazinum) [23] in doses, sufficient for nausea prevention, completely takes out vasopressin reaction. At rodents, not capable to vomiting, reaction of a vasopressin to Apomorphinum and other vomitive stimulus is sharply lowered also. Less effective, but so constant stimulus of secretion of a vasopressin, the acute hypoglycaemia [15, 24] is. Receptors and the ways order avandamet online mediating this effect, are unknown, but, apparently, differ from those for osmotic, hemodynamic and vomitive influences [25]. Sensitivity of this reaction is estimated not precisely, but, possibly, is similar that concerning hormones of a forward share of a pituitary body. Depression of level of a glucose in plasma on an empty stomach on 50 At healthy adult persons, as a rule, raises the vasopressin maintenance in plasma in 2-4 times, and at rats - even in 10 times. The reaction size can depend also on rate of depression of level of a glucose in plasma as, despite conservation of a hypoglycaemia during 1 and more, vasopressin level is usually quickly normalised. The intracellular maintenance of a glucose or one of its metabolites as 2-dezoksigljukoza also is powerful stimulus of secretion of this hormone [26, 27] can be the factor "starting" secretion of a vasopressin. The system is involved in regulation of secretion of a vasopressin a renin - angiotensin [17, 18, 28] also. Angiotensin, possibly, operates on one or several areas in as it appears the most effective at an injection immediately in ventricles of a brain or cerebral arteries. Renin and-or angiotensin level in the plasma, necessary for stimulation of secretion of a vasopressin, is not established, but, possibly, is high enough. Practically in all works published till now angiotensin entered in the doses raising pressure, but nevertheless vasopressin level in plasma raised only in 2-4 times. It is not known, whether the endogenous system a renin - angiotensin in such degree that it could stimulate vasopressin secretion is activated ever. The same uncertainty exists concerning Isoreninums which have been found out in a brain and .