Detailed statement

Detailed statement of some methods of research and an estimation of their clinical value are resulted in the special monographies devoted to the description of a visceral (vegetative) innervation and their disturbances (G.I.Markelov, I.I.Rusetsky, N.S.Chetverikov, etc.).
The wide circulation in clinical practice suffices has received research of cardiovascular reflexes. We will stop on treating of some of them.
The Oculocardiac reflex order ultram (phenomenon Даньини - Ашнера) causes as follows. Investigated lays on a back, in free position; after a while at it сосчитывается pulse. After that the investigating makes pressure, it is better on both eyeglobes simultaneously big and index arm fingers (or index and average). Pressure is recommended to be made not on the forward chamber, and on lateral departments of an eyeball, and it should be intensive enough, but not painful for investigated. Through 20 - 30 seconds, not stopping pressure, consider pulse within 20 or 30 seconds. After recalculation for a minute the pulse rate before and after pressure is compared. In norm there is a pulse retardation on some blows in a minute (to 10 blows). Larger retardation is regarded as vagotonic effect, absence of retardation or paradoxical acceleration - as synpaticotonic.
At described reception other reflex phenomena are quite often observed also: falling of a blood pressure, change of breath, an intestinal peristalsis, etc., going as rising of a tonus of system of a vagus nerve. A reflex arch of a reflex: trigeminal - wandering nerves. Other name of a reflex more widely characterising its implications, - глазовисцеральный is offered. In practice are more often limited to the account of changes of a pulse rate. With a view of dosage of a put boring (pressure upon an eyeball) special apparatus - the compressors which have not received, however, the general recognition have been offered.
Ortoklinostatichesky assay consists as a matter of fact of two receptions.
The orthostatic reflex arises at transition investigated of horizontal position (laying) in vertical (standing) and is expressed in norm in pulse increase, usually on 10 - 12 blows in a minute (pulse consider before assay and a first minute after position change). The clinostatic reflex turns out at transition from vertical position in horizontal; the return phenomenon is observed: pulse in norm is slowed down on 10 - 12 blows in a minute. The big degree of increase (at orthostatic assay) and retardations (at clinostatic) should be regarded as an indicator of hypererethism of nervously-muscular devices of heart; attempts to use results ортоклиностатической assays vpxl for more exact estimation of a sympathicotonia or a vagotonia to us seem insufficiently proved.
The cervical reflex causes pressing by the big finger investigating (or index and average fingers together) on area to front from a grudino-kljuchichno-papillary muscle, at level of its top third, below a mandible angle - to sensation of a pulsation of a carotid. In norm there is a pulse retardation on 6 - 12 blows in a minute. The big degree of retardation and joining of changes of breath, an intestinal peristalsis, etc. is regarded as implication of the raised tonus of system of a vagus nerve.
Epigastric (солнечноузловой) the reflex causes at position investigated on a back with as much as possible relaxed musculation of a prelum abdominale; the hemodynamometry and pulse is made. Investigating presses fingers on area between a xiphoid process and a belly-button, strengthening gradually pressure to sensation of a clear pulsation of an abdominal aorta. Result is retardation of pulse and blood pressure dropping; sharp degree of these reflex phenomena is regarded as an indicator of hypererethism of parasympathetic department. However quite often simultaneously there are reflexes and a sympathetic order: expansion of pupils, etc., that speaks presence in a solar plexus both sympathetic, and a parasympathetic innervation. Besides, the method of influence (pressing of an abdominal aorta) can cause circulatory disorders and widespread vascular reflexes.
Coming back to the cervical reflex surveyed above (in their various updatings it is described a little), it is necessary to note, as here it is impossible to speak about influence only on a vagus nerve; in essence there is a mechanical boring (pressing) of a vago-sympathetic nervously-vascular cervical fascicle and a carotid zone.